INTEGRATED NUMERICAL MODELING AND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT OF CEREBRAL AUTOREGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH CONCOMITANT PERIPHERAL AND CAROTID ARTERY DISEASE

Multisystemic atherosclerosis simultaneously affecting the carotid and lower  extremity peripheral arterial beds represents an aggressive phenotype of macrovascular  disease. While macroscopic arterial narrowing is routinely evaluated using anatomical imaging, systemic endothelial dysfunction often leads to microvascular failure long  before structural occlusion completes. Cerebral autoregulation (CA) and  cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) are vital physiological mechanisms maintaining  steady cerebral blood flow despite systemic blood pressure fluctuations.