RADIOPROTECTORS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS. APPLICATIONS OF RADIOPROTECTORS

This article is devoted to the study of radioprotectors, their characteristics, mechanisms of action, and practical applications in modern medicine and radiation protection. The increasing use of ionizing radiation in healthcare, industry, scientific research, and nuclear technologies has highlighted the importance of effective methods for protecting biological systems from radiation-induced damage. The article examines the classification of radioprotective agents, including synthetic compounds, natural products, antioxidants, vitamins, and biological modifiers. Special attention is given to their mechanisms of action, such as free radical scavenging, enhancement of antioxidant defense systems, stabilization of cellular membranes, and protection of DNA from radiation-induced injury. The study also discusses the role of radioprotectors in radiation therapy, occupational radiation safety, emergency response to radiation accidents, and space medicine. The findings indicate that radioprotectors significantly reduce radiation-related complications, improve tissue protection, and contribute to the overall safety of individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. Their application remains an important area of research in radiobiology and medical science