The importance of prevention, screening, and medical advice in maintaining menstrual health in women

Menstrual health is a multidimensional indicator of reproductive, somatic, psychological and socialwell-being. Although menstruation is a physiological process, menstrual symptoms and disordersare among the most frequent reasons for gynaecological consultation and are closely linked withiron-deficiency anaemia, chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, infertility,impaired school or work participation and reduced quality of life. This IMRAD-based integrativereview analyses the role of prevention, screening and medical counselling in maintaining menstrualhealth among women and adolescents, with a specific emphasis on real-world data (RWD), realworldevidence (RWE), digital health and artificial intelligence (AI). Literature was identified fromPubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, WHO, UNICEF, ACOG,FIGO, NICE, FDA and EMA sources, prioritising publications and guidance from 2020–2026. Thereview found that systematic menstrual history-taking, early identification of abnormal uterinebleeding using FIGO PALM–COEIN concepts, screening for anaemia in heavy menstrual bleeding,adolescent-sensitive assessment of irregular cycles, and timely counselling on pain, contraception,fertility, hygiene and red-flag symptoms are core clinical measures. RWD sources such aselectronic health records, e-prescriptions, laboratory databases, registries, pharmacovigilancesystems, insurance data, wearable devices and menstrual tracking applications can strengthenlongitudinal monitoring and personalised prevention. AI methods, including machine learning,natural language processing, deep learning and explainable clinical decision support, may improverisk stratification and symptom triage but require robust validation, privacy safeguards and bias control. In Uzbekistan, ongoing digital health reforms, e-prescription initiatives and reproductivehealth services provide an opportunity to build integrated menstrual health surveillance andcounselling pathways.