PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BERMUDAGRASS AND ITS APPLICATION IN FOLK MEDICINE

Acorus calamus L. is a medicinal plant that has been extensively used in traditional medicine forcenturies. Its rhizomes are rich in essential oils, phenylpropanoids, sesquiterpenes, flavonoids,tannins, and other biologically active compounds responsible for a wide range of pharmacologicaleffects. The aim of this study was to review the pharmacological properties of Acorus calamusbased on current scientific literature. International peer-reviewed publications, pharmacognosytextbooks, and official monographs were analyzed. The findings indicate that Acorus calamusexhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antispasmodic, gastroprotective, sedative,and neuroprotective activities. However, the presence of β-asarone in certain chemotypes may beassociated with toxic and potentially carcinogenic effects when used in high doses or for prolongedperiods. The available evidence supports the rational and evidence-based use of Acorus calamuswhile emphasizing the importance of safety evaluation and dosage regulation